Facial cleanser wiki

Facial cleansers are cleansing cosmetics whose purpose is to remove dirt on the skin, refresh the skin, and help maintain the normal physiological state of the skin. When facial cleanser cleans the skin, the object to be cleaned (ie, the substrate) is human skin, and the dirt that adheres to it is basically sebum, stratum corneum fragments and their oxidative decomposition products (dirt), or beauty cosmetics that stick to it the remains. These residual metabolites are unstable and can react with oxygen in the air or deposited molecules. When exposed to the sun or bacteria on the skin, various physical, chemical and biochemical reactions will occur, forming some substances that may harm the skin. Therefore, even for healthy skin, skin cleansing is a necessary process for skin care. In addition, sensitive or fragile skin requires special cleaning and care due to its characteristics. For problematic skin types, the mildness and safety of facial cleanser must be considered.

Facial cleanser cleans the sebum, stratum corneum fragments and their oxidative decomposition products adhering to the surface of the skin, as well as the residues of cosmetics that adhere to them. They are unstable and can react with oxygen or deposited molecules in the air. . When exposed to the sun or with bacteria on the skin, various physicochemical and biochemical reactions will occur to form some substances that may harm the skin. Therefore, even for healthy skin, skin cleansing is a necessary process for skin care. Facial cleanser is a kind of skin cleansing product. It can be an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion. It has a strong cleaning ability and can even be used to remove heavy makeup.

Generally speaking, facial cleanser is a liquid product composed of oil phase, water phase, surfactant, moisturizer, nutrient and other ingredients. Among them, the creamy facial cleanser contains oil phase ingredients and is suitable for dry skin. Crystal-like transparent products do not contain oil phase ingredients. If the formula is properly adjusted, it can satisfy most consumers. Surfactants in facial cleansers have five major functions: wetting, dispersing, foaming, decontamination and emulsification, and are the main active substances in facial cleansers. In addition, according to the principle of similar compatibility, the oil phase substance can be used to dissolve the oil-soluble grease and excess oil on the face; the water phase substance can be used to dissolve the water-soluble perspiration dirt on the face.


Classified by matrix dosage form

(1)Surfactant-based cleansing products

Containing surfactant, it is divided into two types: multi-foam type and micro-foam type. The surface active agent makes the grease exist stably in water and dissolves in water to achieve the cleaning effect. Soap-based facial cleanser is also one of them, but because of its obvious characteristics, it is generally treated differently from ordinary surfactant facial cleanser.

Solid (soap, transparent soap, neutral soap)

The main traditional cleansing products: easy to use, good to use, but the skin feels tight after use.

Paste, paste (face wash cream, cleansing cream)

It is dedicated to face, with excellent feeling of use and rich foam. Easy to use. The substrate can be selected from weakly acidic to alkaline according to the purpose.

Liquid or viscous liquid (face wash gel)

Weakly acidic to alkaline. Weak acid substrates have weak cleaning power, and alkaline substrates have strong cleaning power. Mainly used for hair and body washing.

Granules, powder (cleansing flour)

Easy to use. Because it does not contain water, it can be mixed with papaya enzyme and other enzymes.

Aerosol type (shaving foam, post-foaming shaving gel)

There are two types: one is similar to shaving foam after spraying, and the other uses a two-layer container, which is gel-like and becomes foam when used.

(2) Solvent-based cleansing products

This type of product relies on the dissolving power of oil and oil to remove oily dirt. It mainly targets oily dirt, so it is generally some cleansing oil, cleansing cream, etc.

Paste, paste (cleansing cream)

Oil-in-water type or water-in-oil type, made into oil gel with strong cleaning ability, used for heavy makeup remover.

Lotion (cleanser)

Oil-in-water emulsion. After use, it feels more refreshing than cleansing cream. Easy to use.

Gel (cleansing gel, or cleansing gel)

Oil-rich emulsions and liquid crystal products have strong cleaning ability. Rinse with water after use; refreshing after rinse. Water-soluble polymer-based gel-type skin cleansers have weak cleaning ability.

Oily (cleansing oil, including cleansing oil)

Add a small amount of surfactant and ethanol to the oily ingredients. Rinse with water after use. When water forms an oil-in-water emulsion. It feels soft and moist after use.

Classified by skin type

According to the nature of the skin, facial cleanser can be roughly divided into two types-soft facial cleanser and oily skin facial cleanser. Gentle facial cleanser contains mild formula suitable for normal, dry and sensitive skin, while oily skin facial cleanser formula contains less oil. After washing, facial skin will feel dry, so as the name suggests, it is suitable for oily and acne skin. If it is normal or dry skin, it is best not to use oily facial cleanser, because this will only make the skin more dry and dehydrated.

Classification by purpose

According to the purpose of use, it can be divided into three types: ordinary type, scrub type, and curative type.

Classified by object

According to the different objects of use, it can be subdivided into facial cleanser for different skins, facial cleanser for home use, facial cleanser for beauty salon, etc.

Instructions
Splash appropriate amount of water on the face to moisturize the face, take an appropriate amount of facial cleanser (usually 3 to 5 cm) on the palm of the hand, add water and knead until foamy, apply to the face and massage for one minute, then rinse off with water.

When using, first wet the face, after moistening the face, squeeze an appropriate amount of cleansing milk on the forehead, nose, cheeks, and then gently rub it, and then follow the circular pattern from bottom to top from inside to outside Massage your face for a few minutes, and pay attention to cleaning the T-zone and U-zone where dirt is easy to hide, then rub it with water, gently massage for half a minute, and then wash it off.

Specific steps

Step 1: moisten your face with warm water

The temperature of the water used to wash your face is very important. Some people try to save trouble and wash their faces directly with cold water; some people think that they have oily skin and need very hot water to wash away the grease on their faces. In fact, these are all wrong views, and the correct way is to use warm water. This will ensure that the pores are fully opened without excessively losing the skin's natural moisturizing oil.

Step 2: Make the cleanser foam fully

No matter what kind of cleanser you use, the amount should not be too much, and the area should be as small as a coin. Before applying it to the face, be sure to fully foam the cleanser in the palm of your hand. The most people forget this step, and this step is also the most important step. Because if the cleanser does not foam sufficiently, not only will it fail to clean, but it will also remain in the pores and cause pimples. Of course, the more foam, the better, and you can also use some tools that make the cleanser foam easily.

Step 3: Gently massage 15 times

After applying the foam on the face, massage gently in circular motions, not too hard to avoid wrinkles. Massage about 15 times to spread the foam all over the face.

Step 4: cleanse cleanser

After massage with cleanser, you can wash it. Some women are afraid that the washing will not be clean, and scrub with a towel vigorously. This is very bad for the delicate skin. You should use a moistened towel to gently press on your face. After a few repetitions, the cleanser can be removed without damaging the skin.

Step 5: check the hairline

After washing, you may think that the process of washing your face has been completed, but this is not the case. Also look in the mirror to check if there is any residual cleanser around the hairline, this step is often overlooked. Some women are always prone to acne around the hairline, in fact, because this step is ignored.

Step 6: Wash 20 times with cold water

Finally, use both hands to wash the face with cold water for about 20 times, and at the same time use a towel dipped in cold water to lightly apply the face. Doing so can tighten the pores and promote facial blood circulation. In this way, the whole process of washing the face is completed.


Main ingredients
The composition of facial cleanser generally contains oily components and water-based components. Some free surfactants and nutrients, etc.

Folding oily components
Used as a solvent and emollient in facial cleanser formulations. It mainly contains mineral oil-a good solvent for removing oil stains and cosmetic residues. Other oily components include: isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic/capric glyceride and lanolin, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, etc. as solvents or emollients.

Folding Surfactant
A mild surfactant with good cleaning effect. Such surfactants include anionic, amphoteric and nonionic surfactants, such as triethanolammonium lauryl sulfate, disodium laureth succinate sulfonate, cocamidopropyl betaine, and coconut monoethanol Amide. Geropon AS-200, Jordapon CI-75, sodium lauroyl sarcosine, etc. As an emulsifier, commonly used are self-emulsifying glycerol monostearate Tween-20, Tween-80, polyoxyethylene (30) dipolyhydroxystearate and the like. In recent years, more raw materials can be used as emulsifiers for facial cleansers, such as Salcare SC91, TinovisADM, Sepigel 501 and so on.

Foaming facial cleansers often use complexes of sodium cocoyl isethionate and mixed fatty acids. They can produce rich and stable foam, are gentle on the skin, and have good decontamination and dispersion properties. It is suitable for hard water, has good biodegradability, and does not need to be emulsified during preparation. Also commonly used are lauroyl sarcosine salts.

Folded water phase components
Mainly include water, glycerin, propylene glycol and other water-soluble polymer substances. Water has a good decontamination effect and is also a good humectant; glycerin and propylene glycol are both humectants: water-soluble polymer substances have a stable thickening effect.

Fold other components
Mainly include flavors, preservatives, antioxidants, etc. The essence gives the product a good fragrance. It covers the bad smell of the raw materials; the antioxidant prevents the oxidation of the oil in the formula: the preservative prevents the growth of microorganisms in the product. To keep the product stable: the chelating agent chelates the calcium and magnesium ions in the water. Increase the product in hard water In the cleaning effect. In addition, there are some additives with special effects, such as antibacterial agents, whitening agents, lean fat agents and so on.

Precautions
It is best to do it once a day in the morning and evening, and be sure not to scrub your face when you cleanse it. Because facial skin has a natural barrier and moisturizing effect, it can block irritants from the outside world. When over-washing, important lipids and cellular components will be lost, resulting in weakening of the skin's own barrier function and moisturizing effect, which is extremely harmful.

Moreover, the face after a strong scrub can not retain moisture, and it may cause allergies to any creams applied on the face, ranging from mild rashes to complete peeling, and even stubborn skin inflammation.

After washing your face with a facial cleanser, use a toner moisturizer to help the skin lock and moisturize.

When using one cleansing product, it is best not to use multiple cleansing products at the same time. Because improper mixing can cause excessive irritation to the skin, resulting in dehydration, dryness, loss of luster, and undue damage to the skin.

Frequently Asked Questions
(1) Can facial cleanser whiten?

Facial cleanser is one of the cleansing products. Others, depending on the dosage form, include cleansing soap, cleansing powder, cleansing mousse, cleansing lotion, etc.

Because the facial cleanser does not stay on the face for a long time, although it can add moisturizing, nutrition, whitening and other ingredients, it cannot stay on the skin for a long time and it is difficult to fully exert its desired function. For example, a strong moisturizing appeal requires the use of moisturizing creams or essences in the subsequent steps to better play the moisturizing effect.

Moisturizing facial cleansers often add glycerin, butanediol, potassium glycyrrhizinate, lactic acid, sodium hyaluronate and other ingredients to achieve the purpose of mild cleansing without irritation, and moisturizing without drying after cleansing.

(2) Is it necessary to use exfoliating facial cleanser?

Facial cleansers with whitening and exfoliating functions are mostly added with a certain concentration of fruit acid or BHA to soften the keratin and help the old dead keratin to peel off. Has a certain irritation, sensitive skin needs to be used with caution. Compared with the moisturizing facial cleanser, more moisturizing ingredients are added, such as butylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, etc., and a certain amount of lipid ingredients can also be added to maintain the needs of the skin surface.

People with moderate dry skin and sensitive skin can choose moisturizing cleansing products. In winter, due to dryness and the reduction of the amount of oil secreted by the skin, consumers can also choose according to whether or not they add moisturizing ingredients when choosing facial cleansers, which are mild, non-irritating, and moisturizing.

(3) Is it necessary to change facial cleanser frequently?

Consumers can choose facial cleansers of different brands and effects according to their needs, and they do not necessarily have to use one for a long time. After using a cleansing product, it is no problem to switch to a different one. Facial cleanser is the least prone to dependence among all skin care products.

Of course, don't change facial cleansers with different functions every week or even every day, which can easily increase the sensitivity of the skin. The difference in pH is too large, and it may cause skin molting.

(4) Should I wash my face with hot water? Warm water? Cold water?

Pay attention to the use of warm water for daily cleaning, which helps to clean gently. Do not use hard water with excessive impurities. The cleaning time should not be too long to reduce the irritation effect of surfactants (face wash products) on more sensitive skin.

Selection skills
Oily skin
Because oily skin secretes more oil than ordinary people, it is necessary to choose some products with stronger cleaning ability. Usually need to choose some soap-based products. Because soap-based products have strong degreasing power and are easy to rinse, the skin feels very refreshing after washing. Oily skin is suitable for moisturizing and refreshing facial cleansers, preferably plant extracts.

Mixed skin
This type of skin is mainly oily in the T-position, while the cheeks are generally neutral, and some may be dry. This kind of skin should be balanced between the T-zone and the cheeks. You can't just consider the T-zone to clean and choose some products with very strong degreasing power, especially in autumn and winter.

Normal skin
This type of skin is the easiest to care for. Generally choose some foaming facial cleanser. Of course, if you feel that your skin is dry in autumn and winter, you can also use some non-foaming facial cleanser. Because some non-foaming facial cleansers are not as difficult to rinse after improvement as before, they don鈥檛 feel very greasy after washing.

Dry skin
This type of skin is best not to use foam-type facial cleanser. You can use some cleansing oil, cleansing cream or non-foaming facial cleanser. Cleansing oil products are found in some medium and high-end products, because compared to cleansing creams, these products have a refreshing skin feel.

Sensitive skin
For people with allergic skin, amino acid facial cleanser is recommended. Facial cleansers with too much foam often contain more anionic surfactants, are more alkaline, have a higher pH, and are more irritating, so they are not suitable for use.



Misunderstanding
Efficacy misunderstanding
Because the facial cleanser stays on the face for a short time, usually only a few minutes, and it will be rinsed off at the end, it is actually difficult for some active ingredients to remain on the face. Therefore, it is difficult to rely on facial cleanser to achieve the so-called whitening effect.

Price misunderstanding
In fact, the biggest effect of facial cleanser is cleansing. It is the first and most critical step of our skin care, so we should not underestimate this choice of facial cleanser. It is best to buy a matching package, the effect will be better!

Bubble misunderstanding
The foam in the facial cleanser can help completely remove makeup, dead cuticles and blocked pores. The foam of a high-quality facial cleanser should be fine and textured, and contain ingredients that nourish and maintain skin moisture. Rough loose foams often have more soap bases in the product, less nutrients, and poor cleansing and moisturizing effects.

Many new facial cleansers are non-soap-based products. They do not have much foam but have strong cleaning power. They also have various functions such as balancing oils, moisturizing, and moisturizing, so ladies have to get out of the foam alone. The misunderstanding of judging the quality of facial cleanser.


Extended reading
Change facial cleanser
Wash your face every day and change your facial cleanser frequently. Different skin types have different pH values. Cleansers of the same brand often use the same basic oil, thickener, curing agent, surfactant, etc., so its pH has certain characteristics. Due to the metabolism of the skin, some wastes like sebum and dead cuticle cells will be discharged from the pores, plus residual cosmetics, dust in the air and other pollutants, making the pores have a lot of dirt; therefore, the facial cleanser we choose must be able to Remove these dirt.

Replacement point one

The dirt in the pores is acidic, so the facial cleanser must contain soap-based ingredients that can neutralize the acid. The soap base becomes alkaline. For this reason, the skin will feel slightly dry after using the facial cleanser, which is normal. But there should be no tightness or even shedding. In this case, it means that the facial cleanser you are using is too alkaline and not suitable for your skin.

Replacement point two

There is a kind of facial cleanser that is slippery and sticky after use. This facial cleanser is added with crude collagen that cannot be hydrolyzed, or is added with other excessive 'viscosity' substances. This facial cleanser is not only Can not remove the dirt in the pores, on the contrary it will form a sticky film on the surface of your skin, which is extremely detrimental to the metabolism of the pores.

Replacement point three

When choosing facial cleanser, you must strictly follow the instructions on the facial cleanser to choose the appropriate type, and follow the instructions on the method of use and dosage. Because the skin needs to go through a process to adapt to each cleansing product, if frequent replacement of the cleansing product causes short-term irritation, peeling or dehydration of the skin, it must be selected strictly according to the instructions.

Cleanser status
The biggest sales volume in skin care products is facial cleanser:

Cosmetics used to clean, nourish, and protect human skin are called clean cosmetics. Cleansing cosmetics mainly include cleansing honey (face cleanser, cleanser, cleansing cream), cleansing cream, facial cream, cleansing gel, cleansing mask, bath cosmetics, etc. Among cleansing cosmetics, facial cleansers are the biggest seller.

The facial cleanser is pure in color, elegant in fragrance, fine in texture, and has good fluidity, ductility and permeability. Washing your face with it can remove perspiration, grease, foundation, dander, etc., and use it to remove oil, powder, lipstick, eyebrow marks, etc. thoroughly. It is most suitable for removing difficult-to-remove eye shadow cream. Some special facial cleansers can also be used under anhydrous conditions. They can not only clean the facial skin, but also have the functions of skin care, moisturizing, and nourishing skin. After use, it can make the facial skin soft and smooth. Because using facial cleanser to wash your face and remove makeup has a cleansing and health care effect, it has the incomparable advantage of using soap to clean your skin.