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Material characteristics of cosmetic tube
by：Lisson
2020-09-18
Cosmetic tube most commonly used plastic materials from the texture can be divided into two categories: soft materials and hard materials.
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Typical soft materials are PE polyethylene, PP polypropylene and so on.
Their appearance features include:
1. Apparent characteristics after processing: PE polyethylene white waxy translucent material, soft and tough, slightly extendable, lighter than water material, non-toxic.
Can match color, but the color and luster bright degree is poor.
PP polypropylene transparent or translucent material, good tortuous resistance.
After color matching, the color and luster of the material is better.
Shen Xiaoming, Shanghai Jahwa United Co., LTD
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Typical hard materials include ABS acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene copolymer, PMMA polymethyl methacrylate, etc.
Their appearance features include:
1. Apparent characteristics after processing: ABS material is opaque and light ivory color.
Can match the color becomes to have the high gloss other color bright products.
It has the characteristics of tough, rigid and rigid materials.
PMMA material is transparent, transparent like glass, with the best transparency in plastic, but the surface hardness is low.
Easy to be scratched and brushed by hard objects.
2. Cosmetic tube molding method: injection molding.
3. Surface decoration and post-treatment effect: Cosmetic tubes can be printed, bronzed, labeled and coated without special surface treatment
4. Scope of application: ABS material has poor compatibility with internal materials of cosmetics.
Suitable for plastic cover, cosmetic tube shell and so on.
PMMA material generally shows its transmittance like glass characteristic to make thick wall plastic parts.
The material molding process of cosmetic tube
The most common molding methods are: injection molding, hollow molding, injection molding.
(I) Points to pay attention to in injection molding processing:
2. Cosmetic tube molding: injection molding, hollow molding, injection drawing molding.
3. Surface decoration and post-treatment effect: After surface treatment, the cosmetic tube can be printed, bronzed and labeled (it can also be labeled within the mold).
4. Scope of application: good compatibility with cosmetic materials.
Suitable for outer cover, inner cover, inner bladder, sealing sheet, plastic plug, shampoo bottle, etc.
But do not do solvent - based nail polish, to light water and other products cosmetics tube.
In the structural design of injection molding products, attention must be paid to the influence of the appearance quality of plastic products: gate location, parting surface location, product wall thickness.
1. Gate location
Point feed: the outside center feed injection plastic flow filling performance is good, suitable for the top of the general requirements of the product.
There will be residual marks of the feed head in the feed inlet position, which will affect the printing and bronzing of the top plane to a certain extent.
Point feed: The inner (top) center feed overcomes the defect of the outer center feed.
But the mold processing is complex, the feed inlet surplus material is too long.
Side feed: The latent feed is suitable for soft plastics. During the molding process of plastic parts, it is easy to produce compound mark, poor exhaust, top Angle coke, and the side feed position of plastic parts will have insignificant residual marks and other defects.
Side feed: the bottom feed is suitable for the top plane with special requirements and inconvenient to place the feed inlet products, plastic products are easy to produce compound mark, exhaust, top Angle coke, plastic parting surface will have the residual mark of the feed head and other defects.
2. Position of parting surface
The plastic is formed in the mold. In order to take the plastic out of the mold, the mold is separated from the mold and is called the parting line.
The parting surface must be located where the profile of the plastic section is the largest.
In order to make the plastic piece smoothly from the cavity out.
The parting line has positions perpendicular to, parallel to, or inclined to the direction of the opening die.
Parting line has straight line, broken line and curve.
Parting line position will directly affect the appearance of the effect, to be set in the plastic
The position of the surface from which it is not viewed.
The parting line should be located in a place that is easy to process the mold and easy to handle the overflow.
3. Thick wall of cosmetic tube products
Thermoplastics can be made into thin-walled cosmetic tubes up to 0.25mm thick.
However, the design of cosmetic plastic parts is generally no less than 0.6-0.9mm, usually 1.5-4.0mm.
Plastic cosmetic tube besides want to have necessary thickness outside, still ask wall thickness is more even, do not appear too thick or too thin phenomenon.
Otherwise due to plastic shrinkage uneven stress concentration, and cracks and deformation and other defects.
Of course, it is impossible for any plastic cosmetic tube to be exactly the same thickness.
If the plastic structure must have uneven thickness, a gentle transition should be taken to avoid abrupt transitions.
The thickness inhomogeneity ratio of thermoplastic joint is recommended to be 1:1.2 ~ 1:1.5.
(II) Cosmetics tube blow molding processing need to pay attention to the main points:
In the structural design of blow molding products, attention must be paid to the content that will have an impact on the strength of plastic products: blow molding cosmetic tube blow ratio, vertical load strength of the product.
1. Expansion ratio and elongation ratio
Blowing ratio refers to the ratio between the maximum diameter of plastic parts and the diameter of molded billet.
The ratio to choose appropriate, too large to make plastic wall thickness is not uniform, processing conditions are not easy to master.
In general, the blowing ratio is 2:1 ~ 4:1, but usually 2:1.
In the injection molding hollow plastics, the ratio of the length of the plastic piece and the length of the blank is called the extension ratio.
Selection of elongation ratio is very important.
After the extension ratio is determined, the length of the billet is determined.
2. Strength of vertical load
For a plastic bottle, it must withstand vertical loads from multiple sources, the first of which is pressure from the feed nozzle and the gland mechanism.
A potential vulnerability factor in strength is the rake Angle on the bottle shoulder.
At the junction between the bottle body and the bottle shoulder, a larger bending radius (R) is adopted as far as possible, so as to reduce the stress in the turning part and thus improve the vertical strength of the bottle.
The bottom structure also has a significant influence on the bottle strength. The sharp Angle of the bottle body and bottom will weaken the vertical strength of the bottle.
Therefore, in order to transfer the vertical load evenly, the bottom Angle of the bottle should adopt large curvature gradient.
Bottle structure;
For the bottle with furrow or wrinkle, the vertical load strength of the bottle is reduced, but the stiffness of the bottle body is improved.
In the case of sudden change, although the trademark area is obvious, radial change will lead to caulking and subsequent stress cracking.
Iii. Regulations and standards related to cosmetic tubes
In the initial stage of product structure design, the design input should be defined first:
The physical form of the cosmetic tube.
The nominal weight (g grams) or volume (mL) of the contents.
Product quality assurance requirements.
At the same time should be aware of the product related national, local, enterprise regulations and standards.
In the State Bureau of Technical Supervision (43) order, there are clear provisions on the net content of products.
Iv. Capacity design of cosmetic tube
When the enterprise issues the product development plan, it will clearly put forward the product identification requirements. The conventional form is: the weight (g gram weight, kg kilogram) of the product with no flow of the internal material under normal temperature condition is the unit, and the volume (ml ml, L liter) of the product with flow of the internal material under normal temperature condition is the unit.
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Cosmetic tube product density:
In product structural design, when the product is based on weight (g gram weight), it is necessary to convert the required weight of the contents into a unit of volume.
Volume (ml) = weight (g g)/product density.
Because cosmetic tube after molding, its cavity space with standard distilled water detection is the most convenient and accurate.
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Packing cosmetic tube volume determination:
There is a variety of internal materials in cosmetics.
Therefore, attention should be paid when designing the contents of cosmetic tubes for product packaging: time, temperature factors, preparation and filling factors, and changes in the volume and form of internal materials caused by viscosity factors, and appropriate gaps should be left when designing the full capacity of cosmetic tubes.
1. Time and temperature factors
In cosmetics, there are part of the internal material will change with time, temperature factors and volume changes.
(1) Time factor: The volume of powder products will decrease with the extension of time. The volume of powder products prepared and stored for one or two days is significantly larger than that of similar products stored for more than one week.
(2) Temperature factor: The volume of water products containing alcohol will increase with the increase of temperature: the volume of water products containing alcohol at room temperature of minus 5 degrees Celsius will be significantly smaller than the volume of products at 35 degrees Celsius.
2. Cosmetic tube preparation and filling factors
During the preparation and filling of inner material in the packaging process, the inner material object is impacted by stirring and materials, which will produce bubbles and foams.
Causes a volume change in the inner material.
(1) Preparation factor: Because of the high viscosity of the inner material, a large amount of air will be brought into the product during the stirring process, so a large number of bubbles will be stored in the semi-finished products, which will affect the volume of the product.
(2) Filling factors: Due to the inherent foaming agent components in the internal materials of shampoo products, the internal materials are impacted at a high speed during the filling process of the products, and a large amount of foam will float on the surface of the material, which expands the demand space of the cosmetic tube.
(3) Internal material viscosity factor: Frost products generally have high viscosity, and there will be conical protrusions on the upper surface of the internal material paste after filling, which will not disappear in a short period of time.
Due to the high-speed operation of the assembly line, if the product combination is completed at this time, the inner material paste will come into contact with the sealing sheet, affecting the appearance of the combined product and causing the possibility of secondary contamination of the product.
Therefore, this phenomenon should be fully considered in the volume design of such products.
5. Cosmetic tube seal design
Cosmetics industry has clear and strict requirements on the sealing performance of cosmetic tube.
The method is as follows: the cosmetic tube that is filled and closed according to the specified standard is placed horizontally into the vacuum chamber. When the vacuum degree in the chamber reaches -0.1MP, it is maintained for 15 minutes.
Then take it out and see if there is any leakage from the inside material.
No inside material exudation is qualified.
Product sealing is a mandatory quality standard in the cosmetics industry.
How to achieve product seal guarantee?
The following introduces the second type sealing scheme:
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Gasket seal:
1. Electromagnetic induction gasket can achieve the purpose of melting and sealing, but the cost is relatively high, the packaging process is complicated, the mouth of the product after melting and sealing will produce burrs.
2. Pressure-sensitive rubber gasket can achieve the purpose of melting and sealing, but the cost is relatively high and the fitness of water products is poor.
3. Foamed PE gasket. The gasket is a commonly used material with multiple choices of elasticity and thickness.
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Cosmetic tube produces mechanical seal:
1. Material restoring force sealing, using external force to make local material deformation in predetermined form and maintain.
The purpose of product sealing is realized by using elastic recovery force of material.
2. The column and the ring shall be sealed with wrapping force, and the column shall be embedded into the ring with external force.
Under the action of elastic deformation force, the outer surface of the column presses the inner surface of the ring to achieve the purpose of sealing the product.
3. Material tensile sealing, using external forces to promote the local deformation of one part, tightly pressing on the surface of another part, to achieve the sealing of the product.
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Adaptability of cosmetic tube packaging operation process
Filling form and material form: In the production process of products, materials enter the cosmetic tube very quickly, so the design of the cosmetic tube should consider the defects caused by the exhaust of the cosmetic tube, the collision between the materials and the shape of the cosmetic tube on the filling material accumulation.
Conveyor belt transmission reliability: scale production in whether barrier-free use of products as a judgment standard.
In daily structural design, we generally adopt the process of imitation, improvement and innovation to realize the innovative design of product structure.
Comparative method of similar products -- select similar samples, analyze their structural characteristics, take the essence and discard the dross.
It can give some inspiration to the structural design work undertaken.
Self-denial of design -- perspective-taking, transforming yourself from a designer's standpoint to a consumer who knows nothing about how the product is used.
For their own design to nitpick, to find that may cause consumers to use inconvenient problems.
At the same time to improve their own design scheme, adjustment.
Simulation physical inspection method -- a new structural design scheme, generally carried out first model.
Then, through the analysis of the model samples, the improvement and adjustment requirements are obtained.
The obtained data are compared and analyzed to extract representative Suggestions.
Compare their own structural design scheme, improve, adjust.
Structural design is the bridge between creativity and realization.
Through rational structural design can make the creative, reasonable structure design can make the enterprise realize rapid innovation, reasonable structural design can effectively reduce the development cost, reasonable structure design can improve labor productivity, save the production cost, reasonable structure design can effectively control the quality of the finished product rational structure design can make the product can meet the demand of consumers to use more.
The conveyor belt is the most important part in material transmission. The stable state of cosmetic tube in the process of conveying will directly affect whether the packaging process can flow normally, the labor intensity of workers and the benefits of the enterprise.
The simplicity and rationality of the combination form: in the process of scale production, the mutual matching between components must be reasonable and concise as the goal, and the design of the combination should be guided in advance.
The attachment connection of the combined parts shall be reliable, reasonable and not loose.
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A & gt;
Typical soft materials are PE polyethylene, PP polypropylene and so on.
Their appearance features include:
1. Apparent characteristics after processing: PE polyethylene white waxy translucent material, soft and tough, slightly extendable, lighter than water material, non-toxic.
Can match color, but the color and luster bright degree is poor.
PP polypropylene transparent or translucent material, good tortuous resistance.
After color matching, the color and luster of the material is better.
Shen Xiaoming, Shanghai Jahwa United Co., LTD
<
2 & gt;
Typical hard materials include ABS acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene copolymer, PMMA polymethyl methacrylate, etc.
Their appearance features include:
1. Apparent characteristics after processing: ABS material is opaque and light ivory color.
Can match the color becomes to have the high gloss other color bright products.
It has the characteristics of tough, rigid and rigid materials.
PMMA material is transparent, transparent like glass, with the best transparency in plastic, but the surface hardness is low.
Easy to be scratched and brushed by hard objects.
2. Cosmetic tube molding method: injection molding.
3. Surface decoration and post-treatment effect: Cosmetic tubes can be printed, bronzed, labeled and coated without special surface treatment
4. Scope of application: ABS material has poor compatibility with internal materials of cosmetics.
Suitable for plastic cover, cosmetic tube shell and so on.
PMMA material generally shows its transmittance like glass characteristic to make thick wall plastic parts.
The material molding process of cosmetic tube
The most common molding methods are: injection molding, hollow molding, injection molding.
(I) Points to pay attention to in injection molding processing:
2. Cosmetic tube molding: injection molding, hollow molding, injection drawing molding.
3. Surface decoration and post-treatment effect: After surface treatment, the cosmetic tube can be printed, bronzed and labeled (it can also be labeled within the mold).
4. Scope of application: good compatibility with cosmetic materials.
Suitable for outer cover, inner cover, inner bladder, sealing sheet, plastic plug, shampoo bottle, etc.
But do not do solvent - based nail polish, to light water and other products cosmetics tube.
In the structural design of injection molding products, attention must be paid to the influence of the appearance quality of plastic products: gate location, parting surface location, product wall thickness.
1. Gate location
Point feed: the outside center feed injection plastic flow filling performance is good, suitable for the top of the general requirements of the product.
There will be residual marks of the feed head in the feed inlet position, which will affect the printing and bronzing of the top plane to a certain extent.
Point feed: The inner (top) center feed overcomes the defect of the outer center feed.
But the mold processing is complex, the feed inlet surplus material is too long.
Side feed: The latent feed is suitable for soft plastics. During the molding process of plastic parts, it is easy to produce compound mark, poor exhaust, top Angle coke, and the side feed position of plastic parts will have insignificant residual marks and other defects.
Side feed: the bottom feed is suitable for the top plane with special requirements and inconvenient to place the feed inlet products, plastic products are easy to produce compound mark, exhaust, top Angle coke, plastic parting surface will have the residual mark of the feed head and other defects.
2. Position of parting surface
The plastic is formed in the mold. In order to take the plastic out of the mold, the mold is separated from the mold and is called the parting line.
The parting surface must be located where the profile of the plastic section is the largest.
In order to make the plastic piece smoothly from the cavity out.
The parting line has positions perpendicular to, parallel to, or inclined to the direction of the opening die.
Parting line has straight line, broken line and curve.
Parting line position will directly affect the appearance of the effect, to be set in the plastic
The position of the surface from which it is not viewed.
The parting line should be located in a place that is easy to process the mold and easy to handle the overflow.
3. Thick wall of cosmetic tube products
Thermoplastics can be made into thin-walled cosmetic tubes up to 0.25mm thick.
However, the design of cosmetic plastic parts is generally no less than 0.6-0.9mm, usually 1.5-4.0mm.
Plastic cosmetic tube besides want to have necessary thickness outside, still ask wall thickness is more even, do not appear too thick or too thin phenomenon.
Otherwise due to plastic shrinkage uneven stress concentration, and cracks and deformation and other defects.
Of course, it is impossible for any plastic cosmetic tube to be exactly the same thickness.
If the plastic structure must have uneven thickness, a gentle transition should be taken to avoid abrupt transitions.
The thickness inhomogeneity ratio of thermoplastic joint is recommended to be 1:1.2 ~ 1:1.5.
(II) Cosmetics tube blow molding processing need to pay attention to the main points:
In the structural design of blow molding products, attention must be paid to the content that will have an impact on the strength of plastic products: blow molding cosmetic tube blow ratio, vertical load strength of the product.
1. Expansion ratio and elongation ratio
Blowing ratio refers to the ratio between the maximum diameter of plastic parts and the diameter of molded billet.
The ratio to choose appropriate, too large to make plastic wall thickness is not uniform, processing conditions are not easy to master.
In general, the blowing ratio is 2:1 ~ 4:1, but usually 2:1.
In the injection molding hollow plastics, the ratio of the length of the plastic piece and the length of the blank is called the extension ratio.
Selection of elongation ratio is very important.
After the extension ratio is determined, the length of the billet is determined.
2. Strength of vertical load
For a plastic bottle, it must withstand vertical loads from multiple sources, the first of which is pressure from the feed nozzle and the gland mechanism.
A potential vulnerability factor in strength is the rake Angle on the bottle shoulder.
At the junction between the bottle body and the bottle shoulder, a larger bending radius (R) is adopted as far as possible, so as to reduce the stress in the turning part and thus improve the vertical strength of the bottle.
The bottom structure also has a significant influence on the bottle strength. The sharp Angle of the bottle body and bottom will weaken the vertical strength of the bottle.
Therefore, in order to transfer the vertical load evenly, the bottom Angle of the bottle should adopt large curvature gradient.
Bottle structure;
For the bottle with furrow or wrinkle, the vertical load strength of the bottle is reduced, but the stiffness of the bottle body is improved.
In the case of sudden change, although the trademark area is obvious, radial change will lead to caulking and subsequent stress cracking.
Iii. Regulations and standards related to cosmetic tubes
In the initial stage of product structure design, the design input should be defined first:
The physical form of the cosmetic tube.
The nominal weight (g grams) or volume (mL) of the contents.
Product quality assurance requirements.
At the same time should be aware of the product related national, local, enterprise regulations and standards.
In the State Bureau of Technical Supervision (43) order, there are clear provisions on the net content of products.
Iv. Capacity design of cosmetic tube
When the enterprise issues the product development plan, it will clearly put forward the product identification requirements. The conventional form is: the weight (g gram weight, kg kilogram) of the product with no flow of the internal material under normal temperature condition is the unit, and the volume (ml ml, L liter) of the product with flow of the internal material under normal temperature condition is the unit.
<
A & gt;
Cosmetic tube product density:
In product structural design, when the product is based on weight (g gram weight), it is necessary to convert the required weight of the contents into a unit of volume.
Volume (ml) = weight (g g)/product density.
Because cosmetic tube after molding, its cavity space with standard distilled water detection is the most convenient and accurate.
<
2 & gt;
Packing cosmetic tube volume determination:
There is a variety of internal materials in cosmetics.
Therefore, attention should be paid when designing the contents of cosmetic tubes for product packaging: time, temperature factors, preparation and filling factors, and changes in the volume and form of internal materials caused by viscosity factors, and appropriate gaps should be left when designing the full capacity of cosmetic tubes.
1. Time and temperature factors
In cosmetics, there are part of the internal material will change with time, temperature factors and volume changes.
(1) Time factor: The volume of powder products will decrease with the extension of time. The volume of powder products prepared and stored for one or two days is significantly larger than that of similar products stored for more than one week.
(2) Temperature factor: The volume of water products containing alcohol will increase with the increase of temperature: the volume of water products containing alcohol at room temperature of minus 5 degrees Celsius will be significantly smaller than the volume of products at 35 degrees Celsius.
2. Cosmetic tube preparation and filling factors
During the preparation and filling of inner material in the packaging process, the inner material object is impacted by stirring and materials, which will produce bubbles and foams.
Causes a volume change in the inner material.
(1) Preparation factor: Because of the high viscosity of the inner material, a large amount of air will be brought into the product during the stirring process, so a large number of bubbles will be stored in the semi-finished products, which will affect the volume of the product.
(2) Filling factors: Due to the inherent foaming agent components in the internal materials of shampoo products, the internal materials are impacted at a high speed during the filling process of the products, and a large amount of foam will float on the surface of the material, which expands the demand space of the cosmetic tube.
(3) Internal material viscosity factor: Frost products generally have high viscosity, and there will be conical protrusions on the upper surface of the internal material paste after filling, which will not disappear in a short period of time.
Due to the high-speed operation of the assembly line, if the product combination is completed at this time, the inner material paste will come into contact with the sealing sheet, affecting the appearance of the combined product and causing the possibility of secondary contamination of the product.
Therefore, this phenomenon should be fully considered in the volume design of such products.
5. Cosmetic tube seal design
Cosmetics industry has clear and strict requirements on the sealing performance of cosmetic tube.
The method is as follows: the cosmetic tube that is filled and closed according to the specified standard is placed horizontally into the vacuum chamber. When the vacuum degree in the chamber reaches -0.1MP, it is maintained for 15 minutes.
Then take it out and see if there is any leakage from the inside material.
No inside material exudation is qualified.
Product sealing is a mandatory quality standard in the cosmetics industry.
How to achieve product seal guarantee?
The following introduces the second type sealing scheme:
<
A & gt;
Gasket seal:
1. Electromagnetic induction gasket can achieve the purpose of melting and sealing, but the cost is relatively high, the packaging process is complicated, the mouth of the product after melting and sealing will produce burrs.
2. Pressure-sensitive rubber gasket can achieve the purpose of melting and sealing, but the cost is relatively high and the fitness of water products is poor.
3. Foamed PE gasket. The gasket is a commonly used material with multiple choices of elasticity and thickness.
<
2 & gt;
Cosmetic tube produces mechanical seal:
1. Material restoring force sealing, using external force to make local material deformation in predetermined form and maintain.
The purpose of product sealing is realized by using elastic recovery force of material.
2. The column and the ring shall be sealed with wrapping force, and the column shall be embedded into the ring with external force.
Under the action of elastic deformation force, the outer surface of the column presses the inner surface of the ring to achieve the purpose of sealing the product.
3. Material tensile sealing, using external forces to promote the local deformation of one part, tightly pressing on the surface of another part, to achieve the sealing of the product.
<
Three & gt;
Adaptability of cosmetic tube packaging operation process
Filling form and material form: In the production process of products, materials enter the cosmetic tube very quickly, so the design of the cosmetic tube should consider the defects caused by the exhaust of the cosmetic tube, the collision between the materials and the shape of the cosmetic tube on the filling material accumulation.
Conveyor belt transmission reliability: scale production in whether barrier-free use of products as a judgment standard.
In daily structural design, we generally adopt the process of imitation, improvement and innovation to realize the innovative design of product structure.
Comparative method of similar products -- select similar samples, analyze their structural characteristics, take the essence and discard the dross.
It can give some inspiration to the structural design work undertaken.
Self-denial of design -- perspective-taking, transforming yourself from a designer's standpoint to a consumer who knows nothing about how the product is used.
For their own design to nitpick, to find that may cause consumers to use inconvenient problems.
At the same time to improve their own design scheme, adjustment.
Simulation physical inspection method -- a new structural design scheme, generally carried out first model.
Then, through the analysis of the model samples, the improvement and adjustment requirements are obtained.
The obtained data are compared and analyzed to extract representative Suggestions.
Compare their own structural design scheme, improve, adjust.
Structural design is the bridge between creativity and realization.
Through rational structural design can make the creative, reasonable structure design can make the enterprise realize rapid innovation, reasonable structural design can effectively reduce the development cost, reasonable structure design can improve labor productivity, save the production cost, reasonable structure design can effectively control the quality of the finished product rational structure design can make the product can meet the demand of consumers to use more.
The conveyor belt is the most important part in material transmission. The stable state of cosmetic tube in the process of conveying will directly affect whether the packaging process can flow normally, the labor intensity of workers and the benefits of the enterprise.
The simplicity and rationality of the combination form: in the process of scale production, the mutual matching between components must be reasonable and concise as the goal, and the design of the combination should be guided in advance.
The attachment connection of the combined parts shall be reliable, reasonable and not loose.
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