Understand the materials and processes of cosmetic packaging

1. Plastic material categories
1. AS: The hardness is not high, it is relatively brittle (there is a crisp sound when knocking), transparent color, and the background color is blue. It can directly contact with cosmetics and food. In ordinary lotion bottles and airless bottles, it is usually the bottle body It can also make small-capacity cream bottles. It is transparent.

2. ABS: belongs to engineering plastics, not environmentally friendly, with high hardness, and cannot be directly contacted with cosmetics and food. In acrylic cosmetic packaging materials, it is generally the material of the inner cover and shoulder sleeve. The color is yellow or milky white.

3. PP, PE: environmentally friendly materials that can be directly contacted with cosmetics and food. They are the main materials for filling organic skin care products. The materials are whitish and translucent. According to different molecular structures, three different degrees of hardness and softness can be achieved.

4. PET: It is an environmentally friendly material that can be directly contacted with cosmetics and food. It is the main material for filling organic skin care products. The PET material is soft and its natural color is transparent.

5. PCTA and PETG: environmentally friendly materials that can be directly contacted with cosmetics and food. They are the main materials for filling organic skin care products. The materials are soft and transparent. PCTA and PETG are soft and easy to scratch. And it is not often used to print pictures.

6. Acrylic: The material is hard, transparent, and the background color is white. In order to maintain a transparent texture, acrylic is often sprayed inside the outer bottle or painted during injection.

2. Types of packaging bottles
1. Airless bottle: cap, shoulder sleeve, vacuum pump, piston. Rely on air pressure to use. The nozzles that are matched have a chicken beak tip (either all-plastic or anodized aluminum), and the duckbill flat head is covered with a layer of plastic.

2. Lotion bottle: consists of lid, shoulder sleeve, lotion pump and piston. Most of them are equipped with cosmetic tubes. Most of them are made of outer acrylic and inner PP. The cover is made of outer acrylic and inner ABS.

3. Perfume bottle:
The internal composition is made of glass and aluminum on the outside (according to the cover head divided into rotating and non-rotating)
PP bottle (full PP for small injection)
Glass drip irrigation
The inner liner of the perfume bottle is mostly glass and PP.
Large-capacity uses glass, because the storage time is longer, PP is suitable for small-capacity short-term storage. Most PCTA and PETG have no perfume.

4. Cream bottle: There are outer cover, inner cover, outer bottle and inner liner.
External acrylic, internal PP material. The cover is made of outer acrylic and inner ABS with a layer of PP gasket.
The inner ceramic, PP outer anodized aluminum, the cover outer anodized aluminum, PP inner ABS plus a layer of PP gasket.
Full PP bottle with a layer of PP gasket inside.
External ABS internal PP. There is a layer of PP gasket.

5. Blow-molded bottles: mostly made of PET. There are three types of lids: Qianqiu lid, flip lid and screw lid. Blow molding is the direct blowing of the preform. The characteristic is that there is a bump on the bottom of the bottle. It is brighter in light.

6. Blow-injection bottle: The material is mostly PP or PE. There are three types of lids: Qianqiu lid, flip lid and screw lid. Blow-injection bottle is a process that combines blow-injection and blow-molding, and only requires one mold. The characteristic is that there is an adhesive line at the bottom of the bottle.

7. Aluminum plastic cosmetic tube: the innermost is PE material and the outside is aluminum packaging. And for offset printing. After cutting, roll up. According to the tube head, it is divided into round tube, flat tube and oval tube. Price: round tube
8. All-plastic cosmetic tube: all made of PE material, and the cosmetic tube is first pulled out and then cut and offset printing, silk-screen printing, hot stamping. According to the tube head, it is divided into round tube, flat tube and oval tube. Price: round tube
3. Nozzle, lotion pump, hand washing pump and length measurement
1. Nozzle: bayonet (half bayonet aluminum, full bayonet aluminum), the screw is all plastic, but some are covered with an aluminum cover and a layer of anodized aluminum.

2. Lotion pump: It is divided into vacuum and suction tube, both of which are screw. A layer of anodized aluminum can also be covered on the screw cap and head cap. Divided into two kinds of sharp bill and duck bill.

3. Hand-washing pump: The caliber is too large, all with screw mouth. A layer of anodized aluminum can also be covered on the screw cap and head cap. Generally, steps are threaded, and ttube without steps are left and right knobs.

Length measurement: sub-sipper length (from gasket to end of cosmetic tube or FBOG length). Exposed length. And the length measured under the hood (equal to the length from the bottle shoulder to the bottle bottom).

Specification classification: It mainly depends on the product inner diameter (the inner diameter is the innermost diameter in the pump) or the height of the large circle.
Nozzle: 15/18/20 MM all plastic is also divided into 18/20/24
Lotion pump: 18/20/24 MM
Hand washing pump: 24/28/32(33) MM
Large circle height: 400/410/415 (only the specification code is not the actual height)
Note: The expression of specification classification is such as: lotion pump: 24/415

Metering measurement method: (actually the dose of liquid sprayed by the nozzle at one time) There are two methods: peeling measurement method and absolute value measurement method. The error is within 0.02g. The size of the pump body is also used to distinguish the measurement.

Four, coloring process
1. Anodized aluminum: aluminum exterior, just one layer wrapped on the inner plastic.
2. Electroplating (UV): The effect is brighter than the spray image.
3. Spraying: Compared with electroplating, the color is dull.
Frosting: A layer of frosted texture.

Outer spraying of inner bottle: spraying on the outside of the inner bottle has a clear gap between the outer bottle and the outer bottle. The spray pattern is small when viewed from the side.

Inner spray on outer bottle: It is sprayed on the inside of the outer bottle, which looks larger in appearance. The area is small when viewed from the vertical plane. And there is no gap with the inner bottle.

4. Brushed gold and silver: It is actually a film, and you can find the gaps in the bottle through careful observation.

5. Secondary oxidation: secondary oxidation is performed on the original oxide layer, so as to achieve a pattern with a dull surface covering the glossy surface or a pattern with a glossy surface appearing on the dull surface. Mostly used for logo production.

6. Injection color: Toner is added to the raw material during product injection. The process is relatively cheap. Pearl powder can also be added, or cornstarch can be added to make the transparent color of PET into an opaque color (add some toner for color mixing). The generation of water ripples is related to the amount of pearl powder added.

5. Printing process
1. Silk screen: The effect after printing has obvious concavity and convexity. Because it is a layer of ink. The silk-screened regular bottles (cylindrical type) can be printed at one time. One-time cost of other irregular pieces. Color is also a one-time fee. And it is divided into two types: self-drying ink and UV ink. Self-drying ink is easy to fall off for a long time and can be wiped off with alcohol. UV ink has obvious bumps to the touch and is difficult to wipe off.

2. Hot stamping: It is a thin layer of paper stamping on it. So there is no bumpy feel of silk screen. And hot stamping is best not directly on the two materials of PE and PP. Need to perform thermal transfer first and then hot stamping. Or a good bronzing paper can also be directly bronzed. Hot stamping is not allowed on aluminum plastic, hot stamping can be done at full speed.

3. Water transfer: It is an irregular printing process carried out in water. The printed lines are inconsistent. And the price is more expensive.

4. Thermal transfer: thermal transfer is mostly used for large-volume and complex printing products. It belongs to attaching a film on the surface. The price is too expensive.

5. Offset printing: mostly used for aluminum-plastic cosmetic tubes and all-plastic cosmetic tubes. If the offset printing is a color cosmetic tube, you must use silk screen printing when making white, the offset printing will show through the background color. And sometimes a bright film or sub-film is attached to the surface of the cosmetic tube.